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KMID : 1001320210480020071
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Social Welfare Policy
2021 Volume.48 No. 2 p.71 ~ p.101
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Comparison of the Different Changes in Youth NEET - Focusing on Graduates of 4-Year Universities -
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Lee Min-Seo
Kim Sa-Hyun
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to identify the changes in NEET(Not in Employment, Education, and Training) by focusing on graduates of 4-year universities over a period of time in order to estimate the different trajectories of change in the highly educated youth group. In conducting the research, the concept of NEET was used to discuss issues outside of the youth labor market. In addition, the subjects of the study were selected due to their higher education, which is a large feature of the Korean youth NEET group. To achieve this goal, the researcher analyzed the change in youth NEET using the group-based trajectory model(GBTM). The researcher also conducted a multinomial logistic regression analysis to determine what factors influenced the differences in the types of changes.
There were two main conclusions derived from the research results. The first is the ‘Non-NEET - NEET Variance Type’ in which subjects start in the non-NEET state and transition to the NEET state for a period of time before reverting back to the non-NEET state. The second is the ‘Non-NEET Maintenance Type’. This type refers to the stability of the non-NEET state. The third is the ‘Fast NEET Escape Type’, which shows the fastest escape from NEET. The final is the ‘Slow NEET Escape Type’, which indicates directionality from the NEET state to the non-NEET state. However, the ‘Slow NEET Escape Type’ did not experience a stable non-NEET state during the observation period. Through this, different traces of change were identified inside the group of graduates of universities. By categorizing the different types of NEET, the researcher was able to distinguish the changing patterns of youth NEET.
Second, this study analyzed the factors affecting the NEET types of young graduates of universities. The results of the study showed that if the ‘Non-NEET Maintenance Type’ youth were not yet independent from their parents and had fathers with lower education levels than their own, the youth were more likely to belong to the ‘Non-NEET - NEET Variance Type’. Subjects belonging to the ‘Fast NEET Escape Type’ were found to live in non-capital areas rather than capital areas, and had a higher household income than the ‘Non-NEET Maintenance Type’. In particular, the lower the amount of vocational education and training and the higher the amount of experience with private education for employment, the higher the probability of the subject being a ‘Fast NEET Escape Type’. If the mother’s level of education was low and the number of vocational education and training was relatively low compared to the other types, there was a high probability of the subject being a ‘Slow NEET Escape type’. In addition, if the subject had a higher household income, job training experience, or was preparing to take a professional exam, they were more likely to be a ‘Slow NEET Escape type’.
The theoretical implications derived from this study are meaningful in verifying the relationship between the NEET experience and graduates of universities from the perspective of the categorization of NEET changes and the human capital theory. Policy implications require personalized long-term support in order to intervene in the NEET complications faced by graduates of universities. In addition, institutions and programs for early intervention in youth NEET need to be promoted before students complete their institutional education or training.
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KEYWORD
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youth NEET, NEET, graduates of 4-Year Universities, Group-Based Trajectory Model
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